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Capital:
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Tripoli
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Country name:
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conventional long form: Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya
conventional short form: Libya
local short form: none
local long form: Al Jumahiriyah al Arabiyah al Libiyah ash Shabiyah al Ishtirakiyah al Uzma
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Government type:
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Jamahiriya (a state of the masses) in theory, governed by the populace through local councils; in fact, a military dictatorship
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Administrative divisions:
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25 municipalities (baladiyat, singular - baladiyah); Ajdabiya, Al 'Aziziyah, Al Fatih, Al Jabal al Akhdar, Al Jufrah, Al Khums, Al Kufrah, An Nuqat al Khams, Ash Shati', Awbari, Az Zawiyah, Banghazi, Darnah, Ghadamis, Gharyan, Misratah, Murzuq, Sabha, Sawfajjin, Surt, Tarabulus, Tarhunah, Tubruq, Yafran, Zlitan; note - the 25 municipalities may have been replaced by 13 regions
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Independence:
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24 December 1951 (from Italy)
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National holiday:
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Revolution Day, 1 September (1969)
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Constitution:
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11 December 1969, amended 2 March 1977
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Legal system:
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based on Italian civil law system and Islamic law; separate religious courts; no constitutional provision for judicial review of legislative acts; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
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Suffrage:
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18 years of age; universal and compulsory
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Executive branch:
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chief of state: Revolutionary Leader Col. Muammar Abu Minyar al-QADHAFI (since 1 September 1969); note - holds no official title, but is de facto chief of state
elections: national elections are indirect through a hierarchy of people's committees; head of government elected by the General People's Congress; election last held 2 March 2000 (next to be held NA)
election results: NA
cabinet: General People's Committee established by the General People's Congress
head of government: Secretary of the General People's Committee (Prime Minister) Shukri Muhammad GHANIM (since 14 June 2003)
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Legislative branch:
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unicameral General People's Congress (NA seats; members elected indirectly through a hierarchy of people's committees)
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Judicial branch:
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Supreme Court
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Political parties and leaders:
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none
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Political pressure groups and leaders:
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various Arab nationalist movements with almost negligible memberships may be functioning clandestinely, as well as some Islamic elements
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International organization participation:
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ABEDA, AfDB, AFESD, AMF, AMU, AU, CAEU, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), ISO, ITU, LAS, NAM, OAPEC, OIC, OPCW, OPEC, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO
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Diplomatic representation from the US:
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the US suspended all embassy activities in Tripoli on 2 May 1980, and then resumed embassy activities in February 2004 under the protective power of the US interests section of the Belgian Embassy
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Flag description:
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plain green; green is the traditional color of islam (the state religion)
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