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GDP:
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purchasing power parity - $117.9 billion (2003 est.)
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|
GDP - real growth rate:
|
-9.2% (2003 est.)
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GDP - per capita:
|
purchasing power parity - $4,800 (2003 est.)
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GDP - composition by sector:
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agriculture: 5%
industry: 50%
services: 45% (2001)
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Investment (gross fixed):
|
12.6% of GDP (2003)
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Population below poverty line:
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47% (1998 est.)
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Household income or consumption by percentage share:
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lowest 10%: 0.8%
highest 10%: 36.5% (1998)
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Distribution of family income - Gini index:
|
49.5 (1998)
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Inflation rate (consumer prices):
|
31.1% (2003 est.)
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Labor force:
|
11.38 million (2003)
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Labor force - by occupation:
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agriculture 13%, industry 23%, services 64% (1997 est.)
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Unemployment rate:
|
18% (2003 est.)
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Budget:
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revenues: $19.33 billion
expenditures: $24.34 billion, including capital expenditures of $2.6 billion (2003)
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Public debt:
|
38.8% of GDP (2003)
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Industries:
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petroleum, iron ore mining, construction materials, food processing, textiles, steel, aluminum, motor vehicle assembly
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|
Industrial production growth rate:
|
-15.4% (2003 est.)
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Electricity - production:
|
87.6 billion kWh (2001)
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Electricity - production by source:
|
fossil fuel: 31.7%
hydro: 68.3%
other: 0% (2001)
nuclear: 0%
|
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Electricity - consumption:
|
81.47 billion kWh (2001)
|
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Electricity - exports:
|
0 kWh (2001)
|
|
Electricity - imports:
|
0 kWh (2001)
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Oil - production:
|
3.08 million bbl/day (2001 est.)
|
|
Oil - consumption:
|
505,000 bbl/day (2001 est.)
|
|
Oil - exports:
|
NA (2001)
|
|
Oil - imports:
|
NA (2001)
|
|
Oil - proved reserves:
|
63.95 billion bbl (1 January 2002)
|
|
Natural gas - production:
|
31.71 billion cu m (2001 est.)
|
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Natural gas - consumption:
|
31.71 billion cu m (2001 est.)
|
|
Natural gas - exports:
|
0 cu m (2001 est.)
|
|
Natural gas - imports:
|
0 cu m (2001 est.)
|
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Natural gas - proved reserves:
|
4.202 trillion cu m (1 January 2002)
|
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Agriculture - products:
|
corn, sorghum, sugarcane, rice, bananas, vegetables, coffee; beef, pork, milk, eggs; fish
|
|
Current account balance:
|
$9.659 billion (2003)
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Exports:
|
$25.86 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)
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Exports - commodities:
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petroleum, bauxite and aluminum, steel, chemicals, agricultural products, basic manufactures
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Exports - partners:
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US 48.1%, Netherlands Antilles 12.1%, Dominican Republic 2.7% (2003 est.)
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|
Imports:
|
$10.71 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)
|
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Imports - commodities:
|
raw materials, machinery and equipment, transport equipment, construction materials
|
|
Imports - partners:
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US 27.4%, Brazil 8.1%, Colombia 6.7%, Mexico 4.1% (2003 est.)
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Reserves of foreign exchange & gold:
|
$20.67 billion (2003)
|
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Debt - external:
|
$32.51 billion (2003)
|
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Economic aid - recipient:
|
$74 million (2000)
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Currency:
|
bolivar (VEB)
|
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Currency code:
|
VEB
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Exchange rates:
|
bolivares per US dollar - 1,607.79 (2003), 1,160.95 (2002), 723.666 (2001), 679.96 (2000), 605.717 (1999)
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